Sacred Art of Spanish America - An Exhibition at Cornell University

I recently visited a very interesting exhibition at the Johnson Museum of Art on the campus of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, titled “Colonial Crossings: Art, Identity, and Belief in the Spanish Americas.” The works on display are primarily from the 18th century, with a few earlier pieces anda few later, from several different parts of the former Spanish colonies of the New World. The exhibition is scheduled to end on December 15th; if you are in the area, it is very much worth your time. Here are pictures of all the major works, and most of the minor ones. Very few of the artists are known by name.

We start, of course, with an image of Our Lady of Guadalupe. This was painted in 1779 by a Mexican artist named Sebastián Salcedo, a prestige commission done in a difficult and expensive medium, oil on copper; difficult, because it requires a lot of layering, and takes forever to dry. (The very first image of the Sacred Heart to be exposed in a church in Rome, the famous work of Pompeo Batoni, was done in the same medium only 12 years earlier.) It has to be said that the didactic panels in the show give far too little information about basic art historical facts, such as who commissioned this, whether it was for a church, a private chapel, a public space etc.

A painting of the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception, known as Our Lady of Miracles, from Cuzco, Perú, 18th century, made for the local Franciscan house. This is a very much toned down version of the allegorical representation of the Immaculate Conception, by this period long out of fashion in Europe.

Madonna and Child, 1592-1605, by an anonymous follower of the Italian painter Bernardo Bitti, a Jesuit priest from Camerino, Italy, who worked in many different places in the Viceroyalty of Perú.

Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá (modern Columbia), with Ss Francis and Andrew, late 17th or early 18th century. The anonymous donor at the right clearly seems to have been added to the painting by a different hand, but no further information about this was provided by the show.

An image of Our Lady of Remedies, from La Paz (in modern Bolivia), 1770. The story depicted here is that a local miscreant stabbed an image of the Virgin Mary, but was converted instantly when it began to bleed.

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